Thymosin Beta-4
Tβ4 · Full-length thymosin beta-4
The full-length parent protein behind TB-500, studied in humans for cardiac, corneal, and wound repair.
Class
Naturally occurring 43-amino-acid regenerative protein
Half-life
Several hours
Evidence
Limited human data
Limited human data
Small open-label studies, case series, or trials in a narrow population. Directionally informative, not conclusive.
Overview
Thymosin beta-4 is the naturally occurring 43-amino-acid protein that TB-500 is a fragment of. It is one of the most abundant proteins in cells and a master regulator of actin, the cytoskeletal protein that lets cells change shape and migrate — which is why it sits at the centre of tissue repair.
Unlike TB-500 (the fragment), full-length Tβ4 (as RGN-259 and related candidates) has actually been through human clinical trials — for dry eye disease and corneal wound healing, where it showed benefit, and it has been explored for cardiac repair after heart attack and for wound healing in humans.
It sits in the immune category here because of its thymic origin and immune-modulatory and anti-inflammatory signalling, but its practical interest is regenerative. Human evidence exists for specific indications (notably ophthalmic); systemic self-injected use for general recovery is far less evidenced. Not FDA approved.
How it works
- Sequesters G-actin, regulating cytoskeletal dynamics and enabling cell migration.
- Promotes migration of endothelial, epithelial, and stem cells into injured tissue.
- Anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic signalling (reduces scarring).
- Promotes angiogenesis and supports cardiac progenitor cell activation.
What the research shows
Researched effects
- Improved dry eye and corneal wound healing in human trials (RGN-259)
- Cardiac repair after induced injury in animal and early human work
- Reduced scarring and improved wound healing
- Anti-inflammatory effects in multiple models
Limitations & what it won't do
- Best human evidence is ophthalmic/topical, not systemic injection for recovery.
- Systemic dosing for general recovery is anecdotal.
- Not FDA approved.
- Same theoretical angiogenesis/tumour caution as TB-500.
Dosing protocols
These ranges reflect published trials and community protocols. They are reference information, not a prescription. Doses are per injection unless noted.
Systemic recovery protocol (community)
2–5 mgLonger half-life allows infrequent dosing. The strongest human data is for topical/ophthalmic use, not this route.
Reconstitution & measuring your dose
Handling
- Typical vial sizes
- 5 · 10 mg
- Suggested BAC water
- 2 mL
- Storage
- Lyophilised powder refrigerated at 2–8 °C, protected from light.
- After reconstitution
- Reconstituted: approximately 30 days refrigerated.
Why 2 mL? A 10 mg vial in 2 mL yields 5 mg/mL — a 2 mg dose lands on 40 units, 5 mg on 100 units of a U-100 syringe.
Dose calculator
Draw to
40units
= 0.4 mL · 50 mcg per unit
Concentration
5000 mcg/mL
Doses per vial
5
Side effects
Common
- Injection-site irritation
- Transient fatigue or head rush
- Generally well tolerated
Serious / rare
- Unknown for systemic long-term use
- Theoretical angiogenesis/tumour concern
Contraindications & interactions
Do not use if you have
- Active cancer or current oncology treatment
Pro-angiogenic and pro-migratory; contraindicated during active malignancy.
- Pregnant, breastfeeding, or trying to conceive
No pregnancy safety data.
Use caution if you have
- Past cancer diagnosis (in remission)
Obtain oncology clearance given the regenerative/angiogenic mechanism.
What to monitor
- Injury or condition response
- New or unusual symptoms
Commonly combined with
References
- Thymosin beta4: structure, function, and biological properties supporting clinical useAnn N Y Acad Sci 2010;1194:179-189
Research & educational information only — not medical advice.
You must be 18 or older to use this site. The peptides described are presented as research chemicals intended for research purposes only. Most are not approved by the FDA for human use. Dosing ranges reflect what has appeared in the scientific literature or community protocols and are not prescriptions. Nothing here replaces evaluation by a licensed physician who knows your full medical history.
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